The Veliger Larva

The veliger larva is a typical developmental stage of many marine snails (and also some bivalves). After hatching from the egg capsule, these tiny, transparent larvae drift planktonically in open water.


9-day-old veliger larva of a nudibranch (Tritonia diomedea, Nudibranchia). Picture: Stephen C. Kempf (Wikipedia).

The larva’s most striking feature is the velum – a pair of ciliated, sail-like lobes used for active swimming and feeding on plankton. During development, the larva begins to form a small, spirally coiled shell called the protoconch, and it gradually transforms toward its adult shape. Even shell-less adult sea slugs like nudibranchs still possess a shell at the veliger stage!

Eventually, the veliger sinks to the sea floor and metamorphoses into a benthic juvenile snail. Veliger larvae occur in many marine snail families, including cowries (Cypraeidae), cone snails (Conidae), and abalones (Haliotidae).

Wikipedia: Veliger (Larva).
Youtube-Video by Alvaro Migotto: Veliger - planktonic larva of many kinds of molluscs).
Bailey-Matthews National Shell Museum and Aquarium: Cowrie Larvae Hatch at Museum!

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